A prokaryotic cell is a type of cell that lacks a distinct nucleus and other membrane-bound organelles. These cells are typically smaller and simpler in structure compared to eukaryotic cells. Here are some key features of prokaryotic cells: Lack of Nucleus: Unlike eukaryotic cells, prokaryotic cells do not have a true nucleus. Instead, their genetic material, usually a single circular chromosome, is found in a region of the cytoplasm called the nucleoid. The nucleoid is not enclosed by a membrane. Simple Structure: Prokaryotic cells are generally smaller and simpler in structure compared to eukaryotic cells. They lack membrane-bound organelles such as mitochondria, endoplasmic reticulum, Golgi apparatus, and lysosomes. Cell Wall: Most prokaryotic cells have a cell wall that provides structural support and protection. The composition of the cell wall varies among different types of prokaryotes. For example, bacteria typically have a cell wall made of peptidoglycan, while archaea have diverse cell wall compositions. Plasma Membrane: Prokaryotic cells have a plasma membrane that surrounds the cell and regulates the passage of substances into and out of the cell. This membrane is similar in structure to the plasma membrane of eukaryotic cells. Ribosomes: Prokaryotic cells contain ribosomes, which are responsible for protein synthesis. These ribosomes are smaller than those found in eukaryotic cells and are often referred to as 70S ribosomes. Flagella and Pili: Many prokaryotic cells have flagella, which are long, whip-like structures used for locomotion. They may also have pili, which are short, hair-like appendages that aid in attachment to surfaces or other cells. Prokaryotic cells are found in the domains Bacteria and Archaea. They are diverse and can inhabit a wide range of environments, including soil, water, and even extreme environments such as hot springs and deep-sea vents. Bacteria and archaea play crucial roles in various ecological processes and have significant impacts on the biosphere, including their roles in nutrient cycling, symbiotic relationships, and disease.